Fig. 3

CD5 CAR-NK cells exhibit enhanced cytotoxic activity against CD5-positive primary leukemia cells in vitro. (a) The surface expression levels of CD5, HLA-I, HLA-II, MICA/MICB, and ULBPs in six patient samples were measured by flow cytometry. (b) Representative flow cytometry plots showing the percentage of CD5-positive cells in each patient sample, either cultured alone or co-cultured with effector cells for 4 h. (c) Cytotoxicity of effector cells, as determined by the lysis of primary tumor cells. (d) Quantification of TNF-α and IFN-γ secretion by CAR-NK, CAR-T, CAR-NK92 and NK cells after co-culture with primary tumor cells